Spray nozzle



Jfily 129 1924. I 1,503,438

L. H. PARKER SPRAY NOZZLE "F lled Jan. 1923 9 I wveniozm- Patented July 29, 1924.

UNITED STATES PATENT. OFFICE.

LEE I-I. PARKER, 0F BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, assre'non To SPRAY unerunn'nruc COMPANY, on eosrou, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION or MASSACHUSETTS.

SPRAY NOZZLE.

Application filed January 6, 1923. Serial No. 611,143.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LEE H. PARKER, a citizen of the United States, and aresident of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Spray Nozzles, of which the follow ing description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a Specification, like characters on the drawings representing like parts.

This invention relates to spray nozzles. In order that the principle of the invention may be readily understood, I have in the accompanying drawing disclosed one embodiment thereof.

In the drawing Fig. l is a side elevation of a spray nozzle constructed in accordance with my invention;

Fig. 2 is a vertical central transverse section upon the line 22 of Fig. l;

Fig.3 is an underneath or bottom plan view of the said nozzle;

Fig. i: is a horizontal section taken through Fig. 2 above the top of the primary chambers.

Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the lower portion of the nozzle and showing in dotted lines a part of the interior formation;

Fig. 6 is a side elevation of the lower part of the nozzle with the mixing chamber walls cut away;

Fig. 7 is a similar view but at right angles to that of Fig. 6.

In accordance with my invention, I provide means preferably unitary and susceptible of manufacture at a minimum cost to give a whirling or rotary motion to the liquid to be sprayed and to cause the issuance of the liquid in a spray having a relatively wide angle and of substantially uniform homogeneity in transverse section.

In accordance with my invention I provide a structure which is preferably formed in one piece, though within the scope of the invention, it may be formed of a plurality of pieces assembled into a rigid structure. Inasmuch, however, as an important object of the invention is to provide a nozzle which may be manufactured at a minimum expense but giving satisfactory results, I desirably cast or form the entire nozzle as a single piece. The nozzle as thus formed has a wall 1 enclosing a mixing chamber 2, which I also term the main chamber. The-upper end 3 of said wall 1 is substantially dome shaped rather than conical, as I thus secure a wider angled spray. The spray issues through the opening (I and the angle of the issuing spray is a resultant between a tangent to the curve of the inner face of the dome like portion 3 and a line coinciding with the axis. The velocity at which the Spray issues is one of the determining factors entering into the establishment of the angle of the issuing spray, but owing to the dome like internal formation 3, the issuing spray at substantially any feasible velocity is relatively wide angled. The receiving or entrance end of the nozzle may be and desirably is threaded as indicated at 6 for attachment to a hose or pipe from which the water or other liquid is received, and desirably the nozzle is provided with a polygonal external formation 7 permitting the application of a wrench. The nozzle at its entrance end 8 is provided with a transverse partition 9 which is desirably of such form as to divide the entering stream into two parts entering primary chambers 10, 11, though my invention is not for all purposes limited to the division of the entering stream into only two parts. The transverse wall or partition 9 isnecessary in the construction employed to obtain a full cone spray of substantially uniform homogeneity. Without the employment of a wall or partition at this point, a large portion of the liquid would pass axially through the nozzle, and therefore would be discharged through the nozzle 4 without mixing with the remainder of the stream. The said remainder of the stream would not be sufficiently diverted from an axial course to produce suliicient rotary effect to give a uni form or widely distributed spray. Said wall or partition thus performs the function of an obstruction to the axial movement of the liquid.

I Referring, however, to the specific embodiment shown, the two part stream enters through the orifices 12-, l3, into two primary chambers at 10, 11,- each chamber being 1n horizontal section Substantially semicircular and being of a general laterally contracted dome shape, as indicated at 1 1-, 15 in Fig. and as shown most clearly in Figs. 3 and 7. a r I Desirably the transverse wall 9 and the laterally contracted dome shaped walls 14, 1-5 are all cast or formed integrally as a part of the unitary structure and as shown in Fig. 7 the transverse wall 9 at its upper part 16 is sufficiently curved to present a minimum obstruction to the liquid entering the mixing chamber, said wall serving to direct the stream toward the inner surface of the mixing chamber wall 1.

The liquid passing into the two chambers 10, 11 issues therefrom in" the two streams indicated at 17, 18, and said streams are both thrown against the inner surface of the main or mixing chamber wall 1 and follow the same upwardly until they reach the dome like formation 3, whereupon said streams are discharged as a spray having the relatively wide angle stated.

The water, although thrown centrifugally against the inner wall of the mixing chamber 1 is to a certain extent mixed in said chamber, and this mixing is desirably increased by the provision of one or more internal protuberances upon said mixing chamber wall. One form of such protuberances is indicated at 19 in Fig. 2. Any suitable number thereof, as, for example, four, may be integrally formed upon the inner wall of the chamber, and the water or other liquid coming into violent contact with said protuberances is to a certain extent thrown inwardly toward the centre of the mixing chamber, and thus the degree of mixing of the water is increased.

Viewing Figs. 4 and 6, it will be noted that the transverse or top walls 14, 15 of the two chambers 10, 11 terminate in lips 20, 21, which are desirably of the contour most clearlyshown in Figs. 6 and 7.

By changing the contour of the top walls 14, 15 and by changing the shape of the lips 20, 21, I vary the angle at which the liquid is thrown from the primary chambers 10, 11 against the inner wall of the main or mixing chamber 1.

By prolonging in a forward direction the upright edge of each lip, I cause the water to be thrown further forward and less directly against the inner wall of the mixing chamber 1. Each of the lips 20, 21 extends from the outer wall of the nozzle to'the longitudinal axis of thenozzle. Inasmuch as each of the primary chambers is at its entrance, as shown in Fig. 3, of substantially one half the area of the nozzle in transverse section and is at its exit of about one half of such entrance area of the chamber, it is evident that the primary chambers are of less area at their exits than at their entrances. They are, however, so shaped, as indicated most clearly in Figs. 3, 4 and 7, as to afford the minimum amount of obstruction, and moreover are so shaped as to impart a substantially helical direction to the stream. The stream entering each primary chamber therefore is changed in direction, and this change is effected gradually by a helical motion of the entire liquid stream entering. each chamber. Each of said streams is therefore diverted at an acute angle from the longitudinal axis of the nozzle.

An important purpose of the invention is to obtain a greater efficiency in transition of energy from pressure to velocity by means of the gradually reduced helical passages, and thus to avoid eddies of sharp and narrow restrictions which would cause clogging from foreign materials in the liquid or loss of energy due to eddies in the passing liquid stream. A spray of substantially uniform homogeneity in cross section is thus obtained, and it is distributed over a relatively large area. 7

Viewing Fig. 7, it will be understood that the transverse wall or partition 9 lies in the plane of the sheet and the walls of the two primary chambers rise therefrom, the part 16 leading up from one end of the transverse partition at the end shown and the similar part 16 leading up from the other end of the said transverse partition.

Having thus described one illustrative embodiment of my invention, I desire it to be understood that although specific terms are employed, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense and not for purposes of limitation, the scope of the invention being set forth in the following claims.

Claims:

1. A spray nozzle having a partition at its entrance end dividing the liquid into a plurality of streams, and transverse partitions forming tops to primary chambers at either side of said partition and in communication with the nozzle entrance, each chamber having an open face through which the liquid is discharged therefrom, the nozzle having a main or mixing chamber beyond the primary chambers in the direction of the flow of the liquid and against the wall of which main or mixing chamber the liquid is thrown and from the end of which the liquid is discharged.

2. A spray nozzle having a main or mixing chamber provided with a discharge orilice, and a plurality of primary chambers at the entrance end of the nozzle, each of said primary chambers having a dome like top wall and a discharge lip extending from substantially the axis of the nozzle to the side wall, and directing the liquid against the side wall of the main or mixing chamher which is in communication with said plurality of primary chambers at said discharge lips.

3. A spray nozzle formed as a single unitary structure having a main or mixing chamber with a discharge orifice, and two primary chambers at the entrance end of the nozzle, each of said primary chambers being substantially semi-circular in cross set tion and having dome like coveringportions and discharge lips, each lip extending from substantially the axial line of the nozzle to the side wall thereof, said main or mixing chamber being in communication with said two primary chambers at said discharge lips.

4. A spray nozzle formed as a single unitary structure having a main or mixing chamber with a discharge orifice, and two primary chambers at the entrance end of the nozzle, each of said primary chambers being substantially semi-circular in cross section and having dome-like covering portions and discharge lips, each lip extending from substantially the axial line of the nozzle to the side wall thereof, said main or mixing chamber being in communication with said primary chambers and having a substantially dome shaped formation at the discharge end.

5. A spray nozzle formed as a single unitary structure having a main or mixing chamber with a discharge orifice and two primary chambers at the entrance end of the nozzle, each of said primary chambers being substantially semi-circular in cross section and having dome like covering portions and discharge lips, each lip extending from substantially the axial line of the nozzle to the side wall thereof, and there establishing communication between the primary chambers and the said main or mixing chamber, the side wall of said main or mixing chamber being provided with one or more inward protuberances for assisting in the intermixing of the portions of the liquid stream.

6. A spray nozzle having a liquid entrance and a liquid exit, said nozzle having at its entrance a transverse partition dividing the entering liquid into a plurality of streams, and cross partitions forming tops to the primary chambers at either side of said partitions, each chamber having a face open for the full width of such chamber and through which open face the liquid is discharged from such chamber, the nozzle having a main or mixing chamber beyond the primary chambers in the direction of the flow of the liquid and against the lateral wall of which main or mixing chamber the liquid is thrown and from the end of which the liquid is discharged from the nozzle.

7 A spray nozzle having a liquid entrance and a liquid exit, said nozzle having at its entrance a transverse partition dividing the entering liquid into a plurality of streams each at its entrance having an area substantially one half of that of the nozzle at such point, said nozzle having inner walls forming the lateral walls and top walls of the said primary chambers and shaped to impart a helical motion to the entire stream, said walls terminating in lips each extending from the wall of the nozzle to the. longitudinal axis thereof and providing a rela tively large exit from said chambers, said nozzle having a mixing chamber into which the liquid is discharged from both of said rimary chambers and from which it is discharged through the said liquid nozzle.

8. A spray nozzle having a liquid entrance and a liquid exit, said nozzle having at its entrance a transverse partition dividing the entering liquid into a plurality of streams each at its entrance-having an area substantially one half of that of the nozzle at such point, said nozzle having inner walls constituting the lateral and top walls of said chamber, said walls being shaped to impart a helical motion to each portion of the divided stream without abrupt constriction, said walls terminating in lips through which a free discharge of the liquid is permitted, said nozzle having a mixing chamber into which both streams of liquid enter from said primary chambers and from which the entire liquid is discharged as a wide angled spray.

9. A spray nozzle having a liquid entrance and a liquid exit, said nozzle having at its entrance a transverse partition dividing the entering liquid into a plurality of streams each at its entrance having an area substantially one half of that of the nozzle at such point, said nozzle having inner walls each curved forward in the direction of flow of the liquid and imparting a helical unobstructed flow to the liquid and terminating in lips each extending from the main wall of the nozzle to the longitudinal axis of said nozzle, said nozzle having a mixing chamber into which said primary chambers discharge and from which the mixed liquid is discharged as a wide angle spray.

10. A spray nozzle having a liquid entrance and a liquid exit, said nozzle having at its entrance a transverse partition dividing the entering liquid into a plurality of streams each at its entrance having an area substantially one half of that of the nozzle at such point, said nozzle having inner walls each curved forward in the direction of flow of the liquid and imparting a helical unobstructed flow to the liquid and terminating in lips each extending from the main wall of the nozzle to the longitudinal axis of said nozzle, said nozzle having a dome shaped mixing chamber into the base of which the liquid from both of said primary chambers is discharged and from the opposite end of which the mixed liquid is discharged as a spray of substantially uniform homogeneity at wide angles.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

LEE H. PARKER. 

